package de.intevation.flys.artifacts.model;

import java.io.Serializable;

import de.intevation.flys.artifacts.math.Linear;
import de.intevation.flys.artifacts.math.Function;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Collections;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

import org.apache.commons.math.analysis.interpolation.SplineInterpolator;

import org.apache.commons.math.analysis.polynomials.PolynomialSplineFunction;

import org.apache.commons.math.ArgumentOutsideDomainException;

import org.apache.commons.math.exception.MathIllegalArgumentException;

/**
 * W, Q and km data from database 'wsts' spiced with interpolation algorithms.
 */
public class WstValueTable
implements   Serializable
{
    private static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(WstValueTable.class);

    public static final int DEFAULT_Q_STEPS = 500;

    /**
     * A Column in the table, typically representing one measurement session.
     */
    public static final class Column
    implements                Serializable
    {
        protected String name;

        protected QRangeTree qRangeTree;

        public Column() {
        }

        public Column(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }

        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }

        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }

        public QRangeTree getQRangeTree() {
            return qRangeTree;
        }

        public void setQRangeTree(QRangeTree qRangeTree) {
            this.qRangeTree = qRangeTree;
        }
    } // class Column

    /**
     * A (weighted) position used for interpolation.
     */
    public static final class QPosition {

        protected int    index;
        protected double weight;

        public QPosition() {
        }

        public QPosition(int index, double weight) {
            this.index  = index;
            this.weight = weight;
        }

        public QPosition set(int index, double weight) {
            this.index  = index;
            this.weight = weight;
            return this;
        }

    } // class Position

    /**
     * A row, typically a position where measurements were taken.
     */
    public static final class Row
    implements                Serializable, Comparable<Row>
    {
        double    km;
        double [] ws;

        public Row() {
        }

        public Row(double km) {
            this.km = km;
        }

        public Row(double km, double [] ws) {
            this(km);
            this.ws = ws;
        }

        /**
         * Compare according to place of measurement (km).
         */
        public int compareTo(Row other) {
            double d = km - other.km;
            if (d < -0.0001) return -1;
            if (d >  0.0001) return +1;
            return 0;
        }

        public void interpolateW(
            Row           other,
            double        km,
            double []     iqs,
            double []     ows,
            WstValueTable table,
            Calculation   errors
        ) {
            double kmWeight = Linear.factor(km, this.km, other.km);

            QPosition qPosition = new QPosition();

            for (int i = 0; i < iqs.length; ++i) {
                if (table.getQPosition(km, iqs[i], qPosition) != null) {
                    double wt =       getW(qPosition);
                    double wo = other.getW(qPosition);
                    if (Double.isNaN(wt) || Double.isNaN(wo)) {
                        if (errors != null) {
                            // TODO: I18N
                            errors.addProblem(
                                km, "cannot find w for q = " + iqs[i]);
                        }
                        ows[i] = Double.NaN;
                    }
                    else {
                        ows[i] = Linear.weight(kmWeight, wt, wo);
                    }
                }
                else {
                    if (errors != null) {
                        // TODO: I18N
                        errors.addProblem(km, "cannot find q = " + iqs[i]);
                    }
                    ows[i] = Double.NaN;
                }
            }
        }

        public double [][] interpolateWQ(
            Row           other,
            double        km,
            int           steps,
            WstValueTable table,
            Calculation   errors
        ) {
            int W = Math.min(ws.length, other.ws.length);

            if (W < 1) {
                if (errors != null) {
                    // TODO: I18N
                    errors.addProblem("no ws found");
                }
                return new double[2][0];
            }

            double factor = Linear.factor(km, this.km, other.km);

            double [] splineQ = new double[W];
            double [] splineW = new double[W];

            double minQ =  Double.MAX_VALUE;
            double maxQ = -Double.MAX_VALUE;

            for (int i = 0; i < W; ++i) {
                double wws = Linear.weight(factor, ws[i], other.ws[i]);
                double wqs = Linear.weight(
                    factor,
                    table.getQIndex(i, km),
                    table.getQIndex(i, other.km));

                if (Double.isNaN(wws) || Double.isNaN(wqs)) {
                    if (errors != null) {
                        // TODO: I18N
                        errors.addProblem(km, "cannot find w or q");
                    }
                }
                else {
                    if (wqs < minQ) minQ = wqs;
                    if (wqs > maxQ) maxQ = wqs;
                }

                splineW[i] = wws;
                splineQ[i] = wqs;
            }

            double stepWidth = (maxQ - minQ)/steps;

            SplineInterpolator interpolator = new SplineInterpolator();
            PolynomialSplineFunction spline;

            try {
                spline = interpolator.interpolate(splineQ, splineW);
            }
            catch (MathIllegalArgumentException miae) {
                if (errors != null) {
                    // TODO: I18N
                    errors.addProblem(km, "spline creation failed");
                }
                log.error("spline creation failed");
                return new double[2][0];
            }

            double [] outWs = new double[steps];
            double [] outQs = new double[steps];

            Arrays.fill(outWs, Double.NaN);
            Arrays.fill(outQs, Double.NaN);

            try {
                double q = minQ;
                for (int i = 0; i < outWs.length; ++i, q += stepWidth) {
                    outWs[i] = spline.value(outQs[i] = q);
                }
            }
            catch (ArgumentOutsideDomainException aode) {
                if (errors != null) {
                    // TODO: I18N
                    errors.addProblem(km, "spline interpolation failed");
                }
                log.error("spline interpolation failed", aode);
            }

            return new double [][] { outWs, outQs };
        }


        public double [][] interpolateWQ(
            int           steps,
            WstValueTable table,
            Calculation   errors
        ) {
            int W = ws.length;

            if (W < 1) {
                if (errors != null) {
                    // TODO: I18N
                    errors.addProblem(km, "no ws found");
                }
                return new double[2][0];
            }

            double [] splineQ = new double[W];

            double minQ =  Double.MAX_VALUE;
            double maxQ = -Double.MAX_VALUE;

            for (int i = 0; i < W; ++i) {
                double sq = table.getQIndex(i, km);
                if (Double.isNaN(sq)) {
                    if (errors != null) {
                        // TODO: I18N
                        errors.addProblem(
                            km, "no q found in " + (i+1) + " column");
                    }
                }
                else {
                    if (sq < minQ) minQ = sq;
                    if (sq > maxQ) maxQ = sq;
                }
                splineQ[i] = sq;
            }

            double stepWidth = (maxQ - minQ)/steps;

            SplineInterpolator interpolator = new SplineInterpolator();

            PolynomialSplineFunction spline;

            try {
                spline = interpolator.interpolate(splineQ, ws);
            }
            catch (MathIllegalArgumentException miae) {
                if (errors != null) {
                    // TODO: I18N
                    errors.addProblem(km, "spline creation failed");
                }
                log.error("spline creation failed");
                return new double[2][0];
            }

            double [] outWs = new double[steps];
            double [] outQs = new double[steps];

            Arrays.fill(outWs, Double.NaN);
            Arrays.fill(outQs, Double.NaN);

            try {
                double q = minQ;
                for (int i = 0; i < outWs.length; ++i, q += stepWidth) {
                    outWs[i] = spline.value(outQs[i] = q);
                }
            }
            catch (ArgumentOutsideDomainException aode) {
                if (errors != null) {
                    // TODO: I18N
                    errors.addProblem(km, "spline interpolation failed");
                }
                log.error("spline interpolation failed.", aode);
            }

            return new double [][] { outWs, outQs };
        }


        public double getW(QPosition qPosition) {
            int    index  = qPosition.index;
            double weight = qPosition.weight;

            return weight == 1.0
                ? ws[index]
                : Linear.weight(weight, ws[index-1], ws[index]);
        }

        public double getW(
            Row       other,
            double    km,
            QPosition qPosition
        ) {
            double kmWeight = Linear.factor(km, this.km, other.km);

            int    index  = qPosition.index;
            double weight = qPosition.weight;

            double tw, ow;

            if (weight == 1.0) {
                tw = ws[index];
                ow = other.ws[index];
            }
            else {
                tw = Linear.weight(weight, ws[index-1], ws[index]);
                ow = Linear.weight(weight, other.ws[index-1], other.ws[index]);
            }

            return Linear.weight(kmWeight, tw, ow);
        }
    } // class Row

    /** Rows in table. */
    protected List<Row> rows;

    /** Columns in table. */
    protected Column [] columns;

    public WstValueTable() {
        rows = new ArrayList<Row>();
    }

    public WstValueTable(Column [] columns) {
        this();
        this.columns = columns;
    }

    public WstValueTable(Column [] columns, List<Row> rows) {
        this.columns = columns;
        this.rows    = rows;
    }

    /** Sort rows (by km). */
    public void sortRows() {
        Collections.sort(rows);
    }

    public double [] interpolateW(double km, double [] qs, double [] ws) {
        return interpolateW(km, qs, ws, null);
    }


    /**
     * @param ws (output parameter), gets returned.
     * @return output parameter ws.
     */
    public double [] interpolateW(
        double      km,
        double []   qs,
        double []   ws,
        Calculation errors
    ) {
        int rowIndex = Collections.binarySearch(rows, new Row(km));

        QPosition qPosition = new QPosition();

        if (rowIndex >= 0) { // direct row match
            Row row = rows.get(rowIndex);
            for (int i = 0; i < qs.length; ++i) {
                if (getQPosition(km, qs[i], qPosition) == null) {
                    if (errors != null) {
                        // TODO: I18N
                        errors.addProblem(km, "cannot find q = " + qs[i]);
                    }
                    ws[i] = Double.NaN;
                }
                else {
                    if (Double.isNaN(ws[i] = row.getW(qPosition))
                    && errors != null) {
                        // TODO: I18N
                        errors.addProblem(
                            km, "cannot find w for q = " + qs[i]);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        else { // needs bilinear interpolation
            rowIndex = -rowIndex -1;

            if (rowIndex < 1 || rowIndex >= rows.size()) {
                // do not extrapolate
                Arrays.fill(ws, Double.NaN);
                if (errors != null) {
                    // TODO: I18N
                    errors.addProblem(km, "km not found");
                }
            }
            else {
                Row r1 = rows.get(rowIndex-1);
                Row r2 = rows.get(rowIndex);
                r1.interpolateW(r2, km, qs, ws, this, errors);
            }
        }

        return ws;
    }

    /**
     * Interpolate W and Q values at a given km.
     */
    public double [][] interpolateWQ(double km) {
        return interpolateWQ(km, null);
    }

    /**
     * Interpolate W and Q values at a given km.
     */
    public double [][] interpolateWQ(double km, Calculation errors) {
        return interpolateWQ(km, DEFAULT_Q_STEPS, errors);
    }

    public double [][] interpolateWQ(double km, int steps, Calculation errors) {

        int rowIndex = Collections.binarySearch(rows, new Row(km));

        if (rowIndex >= 0) { // direct row match
            Row row = rows.get(rowIndex);
            return row.interpolateWQ(steps, this, errors);
        }

        rowIndex = -rowIndex -1;

        if (rowIndex < 1 || rowIndex >= rows.size()) {
            // do not extrapolate
            if (errors != null) {
                // TODO: I18N
                errors.addProblem(km, "km not found");
            }
            return new double[2][0];
        }

        Row r1 = rows.get(rowIndex-1);
        Row r2 = rows.get(rowIndex);

        return r1.interpolateWQ(r2, km, steps, this, errors);
    }

    public boolean interpolate(
        double    km,
        double [] out,
        QPosition qPosition,
        Function  qFunction
    ) {
        int R1 = rows.size()-1;

        out[1] = qFunction.value(getQ(qPosition, km));

        if (Double.isNaN(out[1])) {
            return false;
        }

        QPosition nPosition = new QPosition();
        if (getQPosition(km, out[1], nPosition) == null) {
            return false;
        }

        int rowIndex = Collections.binarySearch(rows, new Row(km));

        if (rowIndex >= 0) {
            // direct row match
            out[0] = rows.get(rowIndex).getW(nPosition);
            return !Double.isNaN(out[0]);
        }

        rowIndex = -rowIndex -1;

        if (rowIndex < 1 || rowIndex > R1) {
            // do not extrapolate
            return false;
        }

        Row r1 = rows.get(rowIndex-1);
        Row r2 = rows.get(rowIndex);
        out[0] = r1.getW(r2, km, nPosition);

        return !Double.isNaN(out[0]);
    }


    /**
     * Look up interpolation of a Q at given positions.
     *
     * @param q           the non-interpolated Q value.
     * @param referenceKm the reference km (e.g. gauge position).
     * @param kms         positions for which to interpolate.
     * @param ws          (output) resulting interpolated ws.
     * @param qs          (output) resulting interpolated qs.
     * @param errors      calculation object to store errors.
     */
    public QPosition interpolate(
        double      q,
        double      referenceKm,
        double []   kms,
        double []   ws,
        double []   qs,
        Calculation errors
    ) {
        return interpolate(
            q, referenceKm, kms, ws, qs, 0, kms.length, errors);
    }

    public QPosition interpolate(
        double      q,
        double      referenceKm,
        double []   kms,
        double []   ws,
        double []   qs,
        int         startIndex,
        int         length,
        Calculation errors
    ) {
        QPosition qPosition = getQPosition(referenceKm, q);

        if (qPosition == null) {
            // we cannot locate q at km
            Arrays.fill(ws, Double.NaN);
            Arrays.fill(qs, Double.NaN);
            if (errors != null) {
                errors.addProblem(referenceKm, "cannot find q");
            }
            return null;
        }

        Row kmKey = new Row();

        int R1 = rows.size()-1;

        for (int i = startIndex, end = startIndex+length; i < end; ++i) {

            if (Double.isNaN(qs[i] = getQ(qPosition, kms[i]))) {
                if (errors != null) {
                    errors.addProblem(kms[i], "cannot find q");
                }
                ws[i] = Double.NaN;
                continue;
            }

            kmKey.km = kms[i];
            int rowIndex = Collections.binarySearch(rows, kmKey);

            if (rowIndex >= 0) {
                // direct row match
                if (Double.isNaN(ws[i] = rows.get(rowIndex).getW(qPosition))
                && errors != null) {
                    errors.addProblem(kms[i], "cannot find w");
                }
                continue;
            }

            rowIndex = -rowIndex -1;

            if (rowIndex < 1 || rowIndex > R1) {
                // do not extrapolate
                if (errors != null) {
                    errors.addProblem(kms[i], "cannot find km");
                }
                ws[i] =  Double.NaN;
                continue;
            }
            Row r1 = rows.get(rowIndex-1);
            Row r2 = rows.get(rowIndex);

            if (Double.isNaN(ws[i] = r1.getW(r2, kms[i], qPosition))
            && errors != null) {
                errors.addProblem(kms[i], "cannot find w");
            }
        }

        return qPosition;
    }

    public QPosition getQPosition(double km, double q) {
        return getQPosition(km, q, new QPosition());
    }

    public QPosition getQPosition(double km, double q, QPosition qPosition) {

        if (columns.length == 0) {
            return null;
        }

        double qLast = columns[0].getQRangeTree().findQ(km);

        if (Math.abs(qLast - q) < 0.00001) {
            return qPosition.set(0, 1d);
        }

        for (int i = 1; i < columns.length; ++i) {
            double qCurrent = columns[i].getQRangeTree().findQ(km);
            if (Math.abs(qCurrent - q) < 0.00001) {
                return qPosition.set(i, 1d);
            }

            double qMin, qMax;
            if (qLast < qCurrent) { qMin = qLast; qMax = qCurrent; }
            else                  { qMin = qCurrent; qMax = qLast; }

            if (q > qMin && q < qMax) {
                double weight = Linear.factor(q, qLast, qCurrent);
                return qPosition.set(i, weight);
            }
            qLast = qCurrent;
        }

        return null;
    }

    public double getQIndex(int index, double km) {
        return columns[index].getQRangeTree().findQ(km);
    }

    public double getQ(QPosition qPosition, double km) {
        int    index  = qPosition.index;
        double weight = qPosition.weight;

        if (weight == 1d) {
            return columns[index].getQRangeTree().findQ(km);
        }
        double q1 = columns[index-1].getQRangeTree().findQ(km);
        double q2 = columns[index  ].getQRangeTree().findQ(km);
        return Linear.weight(weight, q1, q2);
    }

}
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