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annotate artifacts/doc/datacage_ref_de.rst @ 7317:00b17e77c2e8

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Datacage ref doc: Explain dc:macro & Co.
author Sascha L. Teichmann <teichmann@intevation.de>
date Mon, 14 Oct 2013 15:27:49 +0200
parents 52bc38e6bbe1
children d8ca7a1d522c
rev   line source
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1 =========
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2 Datenkorb
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3 =========
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4
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5
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6 .. contents:: Inhalt
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7
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8 Übersicht
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9 ---------
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10
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11 Daten
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12 -----
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13 Im Datenkorb stehen zwei Arten von Daten zur Auswertung zur Verfügung.
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14
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15 ``Datensätze``
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16 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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17 Datensätze sind Tabellen mit benannten Spalten. Sie werden von Datenquellen
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18 erzeugt und in einem Stapel verwaltet. Die konkreten Werte stehen erst durch
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19 Auffaltung als Variablen zur Verfügung.
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20
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21
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22 ``Variablen``
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23 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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24 Variablen sind die Werte, die aktuell zur Auswertung zur Verfügung stehen. Sie haben
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25 einen Namen und einen Typ (String, Zahl, durch Datenquelle bestimmt).
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26
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27 Textersatz
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28 ----------
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29 Um die Wertebelegungen in das Ausgabedokument schreiben zu kann an entsprechenden
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30 Stellen eine String-Interpolation durchgeführt werden.
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31 Hier finden zwei Arten von Textersatz ihren Einsatz.
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32
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33 ``${}-Ersetzungen``
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34 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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35 Die ältere Variante. Innerhalb von Strings werden hier nur Variablen aufgelöst.
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36 Beispiel: "**Hallo, ${planet}!**" wird bei planet = 'Welt' zu "**Hallo, Welt!**".
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37
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38 ``{$}-Ersetzungen``
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39 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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40 Die neuere Variante, allerdings noch nicht komplett an allen Stellen einsatzfähig.
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41 Innerhalb der geschweiften Klammern können beliebige XPath-Ausdrück stehen, die
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42 zu Strings evaluiert werden. Dies orientiert sich an den String-Auswertungen in XSLT.
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43 "**{ concat($greet, ', ', $planet, '!') }**" wird bei gesetzten Variablen greet = Hallo
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44 und planet = "Welt" zu **Hallo, Welt!** ausgewertet.
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45
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46 Datenkorb-Elemente
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47 ------------------
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48
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49 Datensätze erzeugen
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50 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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51
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52 ``dc:context`` Aufspannen eines Gültigkeitsbereiches eines Datenbankdatensatz
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53 .............................................................................
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54
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55 .. code:: xml
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56
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57 <dc:context connection="Verbindung">
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58 ...
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59 </dc:element>
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60
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61 Spannt einen Gültigkeitsbereich für einen Datensatz auf, der aus der Datenbank
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62 kommt. Die adressierte Datenbank wird über das optionale Attribut 'connection'
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63 bestimmt. Zur Zeit sind drei Datenbanken angebunden:
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64
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65 - **user**: Die Index-Datenbank des Artefakt-Servers. Hierüber stehen Meta-Informationen
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66 zu alten Berechnungen zur Verfügung.
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67
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68 - **system**: Die FLYS-Datenbank mit den hydrologischen, morphologische und geodätischen
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69 Daten.
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70
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71 - **seddb**: Die Sediment-Datenbank.
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72
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73 In einem `<dc:context>`-Element wird zwingend ein `<dc:statement>`-Element erwartet,
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74 um einen Datensatz aus der Datenbank zu holen. Dieser Datensatz steht dann innerhalb des
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75 `<dc:context>`-Elementes ein oder mehrfach zur Verfügung. Innerhalb eines
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76 `<dc:context>`-Elementes können weitere `<dc:context>`-Elemente eingeschachtelt werden.
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77 Ist kein 'connection'-Attribut vorhanden, wird die Datenbank-Verbindung des umgebenen
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78 Kontextes weiterbenutzt. Initial wird je nach Aufrufart der Datenkorbs entweder
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79 der **user** oder **system**-Kontext angenommen. Dies richtet sich danach, ob in
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80 der Aufrufumgebung eine Artefakt gesetzt wird oder nicht. Im ersten Fall wird
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81 angenommen, dass es sich um einen Ladevorgang für zusätzliche Daten handelt, die
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82 auch alte Berechnungen mit einschliesst.
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83
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84
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85 ``dc:statement`` Holen eines Datensatzes aus einer Datenbank
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86 ............................................................
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87
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88 .. code:: xml
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89
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90 <dc:statement>
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91 SQL-Select-Statement.
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92 </dc:element>
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93
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94 Mittels eines SQL-Select-Statements werden in einem `<dc:context>`-Elementes aus
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95 der dort definierten Datenbank geholt. Die Spaltennamen der Projektion des SQL-Statements
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96 werden übernommen und später beim Auffalten des Datensatzes benutzt.
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97
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98 ``dc:container-context`` **TODO**
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99
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100 ``dc:properties`` **TODO**
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101
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102 ``dc:virtual-column`` **TODO**
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103
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104 Datensätze einschränken
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105 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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106
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107 ``dc:filter`` **TODO**
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108
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109 ``dc:group`` **TODO**
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110
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111 Datensätze auffalten
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112 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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113
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114 ``dc:for-each`` **TODO**
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115
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116 ``dc:iterate`` **TODO**
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117
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118 Makros
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119 ~~~~~~
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120 Um innerhalb des Definitionsdokumentes Wiederholungen zu vermeiden, können sogenannte
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121 Makros definiert werden, die dann von anderer Stellen aus eingefügt werden können.
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122
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123 ``dc:macro`` Wiederverwendbare Teile definieren
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124 ...............................................
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125
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126 .. code:: xml
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127
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128 <dc:macro name="Name">
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129 ...
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130 </dc:macro>
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131
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132 Definiert ein Makro namens Name. Nach der Definition ist dieses dann unter diesem
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133 Namen global innerhalb des Definitionsdokumentes bekannt. Makros können geschachtelt
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134 werden. Auch eingeschachtelte Makros sind global sichtbar. Die Makrodefinition und
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135 ihre eingeschalteten Elemente werden nicht in das Ausgabedokument übernommen.
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136
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137 ``dc:call-macro`` Makros aufrufen
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138
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139 .. code:: xml
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140
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141 <dc:call-macro name="Name">
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142
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143 Ruft ein Makro names Name auf. Dieses muss mit `dc:macro` definiert sein. Die Reihenfolge
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144 von Definition und Aufruf ist egal.
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145
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146 ``dc:macro-body`` Elemente an ein Makro übergeben
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147 .................................................
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148
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149 .. code:: xml
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150
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151 <dc:macro name="Name">
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152 ...
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153 <dc:macro-body/>
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154 ...
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155 </dc:macro>
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156
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157 Um an Makros weitere Bausteine als Argument übergeben zu können, ist es optional
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158 möglich innerhalb einer Makrodefinition ein Element `dc:macro-body` einzufügen.
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159 Dieses Element expandiert sich zum Inhalt des `dc:call-macro`-Aufrufs.
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160
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161 .. code:: xml
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162
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163 <dc:call-macro name="Name">Inhalt von dc:macro-body</dc:call-macro>
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164
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165 Zur Verdeutlichung ein konkretes Beispiel
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166
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167 .. code:: xml
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168
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169 <dc:macro name="Greetings">
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170 <Hallo>
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171 <dc:macro-body/>
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172 </Hallo>
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173 </dc:macro>
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174
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175 <dc:call-macro name="Greetings">Welt</dc:call-macro>
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176 <dc:call-macro name="Greetings">Mond</dc:call-macro>
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177
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178 Dies produziert folgende Ausgabe
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179
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180 .. code:: xml
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181
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182 <Hallo>Welt</Hallo>
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183 <Hallo>Mond</Hallo>
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184
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185 Das Haupteinsatzgebiet dieses Konstruktes ist die transparente Bereitstellung
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186 von Kontexten, die dann verschiedentlich ausgewertet werden sollen.
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187
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188 Sonstige Elemente
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189 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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190
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191 ``dc:element`` Hinzufügen neuer Elemente in der Ausgabe
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192 .......................................................
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193
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194 .. code:: xml
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195
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196 <dc:element name="Name">
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197 ...
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198 </dc:element>
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199
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200 Erzeugt ein Element namens Name. Für den Namen gelten die `${}-Ersetzungen`_.
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201
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202
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203 ``dc:attribute`` Hinzufügen neuer Attribute zum umgebenden Ausgabeelement
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204 .........................................................................
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205
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206 .. code:: xml
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207
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208 <dc:attribute name="Name" value="Wert"/>
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209
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210 Fügt dem umgebenden Ausgabeelement ein weiteres Attribut namens Name mit dem
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211 Wert von Wert hinzu. Für Namen und Wert gelten die `${}-Ersetzungen`_.
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212 Der Einsatz dieses Konstrukts findet häufig im Zusammenhang mit dc:element
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213 seinen Einsatz, wenn es ein Ausgabeelement vollständig aus Variablenbelegungen
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214 erstellt werden soll.
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215
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216 ``dc:comment`` Kommentare im Beschreibungsdokument
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217 ..................................................
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218
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219 .. code:: xml
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220
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221 <dc:comment>
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222 ...
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223 </dc:comment>
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224
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225 Ein Kommentar auf Ebene des Beschreibungsdokumentes, das keinerlei Ausgabe
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226 im Ausgabedokument erzeugt. Eingeschachtelte Elemente werden ebenfalls nicht ausgewertet.
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227 Im Gegensatz dazu werden die XML-typischen **<!-- Kommetare -->** in das Ausgabedokument übernommen!
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228
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229
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230 ``dc:message`` Ausgabe auf die Diagnoseausgabe (Log)
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231 ....................................................
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232
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233 .. code:: xml
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234
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235 <dc:message>
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236 Text für die Diagnose.
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237 </dc:message>
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238
7316
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239 Gibt den Text innerhalb des Elementes aus Ausgabe im Log aus. Dies dient in erster Linie
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240 dem Nachvollziehen von Aufrufen innerhalb des Datenkorbdokumentes. Für den Text gelten
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241 die `{$}-Ersetzungen`_.
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242
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243 ``dc:variable`` Erzeugung einer kontext-lokalen Variablen
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244 .........................................................
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245
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246 .. code:: xml
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247
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248 <dc:variable name="Name" type="Typ" expr="XPath-Ausdruck"/>
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249
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250 Legt im aktuellen Kontext eine lokale Variable namens Name an. Diese hat den
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251 Typ Typ und entsteht durch Auswertung des XPath-Ausdruck expr. Der Typ
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252 ist optional. Wird dieser nicht gesetzt, wird das Ergebnis als String interpretiert.
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253 Alternativ können hier die Werte 'number' für Zahlen, 'bool' für Boolean-Werte
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254 benutzt werden. Für den Namen und den Typ gelten die `${}-Ersetzungen`_.
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255 Wird der aktuellen `dc:context` verlassen, ist diese Variable nicht mehr definiert.
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256
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257
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258 ``dc:convert`` kontext-lokale Konvertierung von Variablen
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259 .........................................................
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260
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261 .. code:: xml
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262
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263 <dc:convert name="Name" type="Typ"/>
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264
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265 Konvertiert die Variable namens Name für die Gültigkeit des aktuellen Kontextes in
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266 einen anderen Typ. Für Name und Typ gelten die `${}-Ersetzungen`_. Für die
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267 Typen gilt das gleiche wie für die Typen von `dc:variable`.
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269 Bedingte Ausführung
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270 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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271
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272 ``<dc:if>`` Einfaches Wenn-Dann ohne Sonst-Fall
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273 ...............................................
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274
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275 .. code:: xml
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276
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277 <dc:if test="XPath-Ausdruck">
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278 ...
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279 </dc:if>
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280
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281 Der innere Teil wird nur dann betreten, wenn der XPath-Ausdruck zu
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282 logisch wahr evaluiert wird. Dieses Konstrukt kennt keinen alternativen
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283 Pfad, der betreten wird, falls der Ausdruck zu logisch falsch ausgewertet
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284 wird. Wird dies benötigt, muss man ``<dc:choose>`` benutzen.
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285 ``<dc:if>`` ist in Symmetrie zu ``<xsl:if>`` von XSLT entworfen worden.
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286
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287 ``<dc:choose>`` Ketten von Wenn-Dann-Ausdrücken
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288 ...............................................
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289
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290 .. code:: xml
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291
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292 <dc:choose>
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293 <dc:when test="XPath-Ausdruck 1"> ... </dc:when>
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294 <dc:when test="XPath-Ausdruck 2"> ... </dc:when>
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295 ...
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296 <dc:otherwise> ... </dc:otherwise>
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297 </dc:choose>
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298
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299 Es werden der Reihe nach von oben nach unter die ``test``-XPath-Ausdrücke der ``dc:when``-Elemente ausgewertet. Evaluiert ein Ausdruck zu logisch wahr, wird der innere Teil des entsprechenden ``<dc:when>``-Elements betreten. Die verbliebenen
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300 ``<dc:when>``- und ``<dc:otherwise>``-Elemente werden dann ignoriert. Evaluiert
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301 keiner der ``test``-Ausdrücke zu wahr, wird der innere Teil des
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302 ``<dc:otherwise>``-Elements betreten.
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303 ``<dc:choose>`` ist in Symmetrie zu ``<xsl:choose>`` von XSLT entworfen worden.
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304
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305
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307 Datenkorb-Funktionen
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308 --------------------
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309
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310 ``dc:contains`` **TODO**
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311
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312 ``dc:fromValue`` **TODO**
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314 ``dc:toValue`` **TODO**
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316 ``dc:replace`` **TODO**
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317
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318 ``dc:replace-all`` **TODO**
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320 ``dc:has-result`` **TODO**
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321
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322 ``dc:group-key`` **TODO**
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323
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324 ``dc:date-format`` **TODO**
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325
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326 ``dc:dump-variables`` **TODO**
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328 ``dc:get`` **TODO**
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331
http://dive4elements.wald.intevation.org