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annotate artifacts/doc/datacage_ref_de.rst @ 7321:b33a2a437ab8

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Datacage ref doc: Explain dc:filter.
author Sascha L. Teichmann <teichmann@intevation.de>
date Mon, 14 Oct 2013 16:06:36 +0200
parents 22c85b8232cc
children 7be4425eaca9
rev   line source
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1 =========
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2 Datenkorb
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3 =========
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4
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5
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6 .. contents:: Inhalt
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7
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8 Übersicht
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9 ---------
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10
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11 Daten
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12 -----
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13 Im Datenkorb stehen zwei Arten von Daten zur Auswertung zur Verfügung.
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14
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15 ``Datensätze``
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16 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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17 Datensätze sind Tabellen mit benannten Spalten. Sie werden von Datenquellen
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18 erzeugt und in einem Stapel verwaltet. Die konkreten Werte stehen erst durch
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19 Auffaltung als Variablen zur Verfügung.
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20
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21
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22 ``Variablen``
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23 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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24 Variablen sind die Werte, die aktuell zur Auswertung zur Verfügung stehen. Sie haben
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25 einen Namen und einen Typ (String, Zahl, durch Datenquelle bestimmt).
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26
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27 Textersatz
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28 ----------
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29 Um die Wertebelegungen in das Ausgabedokument schreiben zu kann an entsprechenden
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30 Stellen eine String-Interpolation durchgeführt werden.
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31 Hier finden zwei Arten von Textersatz ihren Einsatz.
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32
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33 ``${}-Ersetzungen``
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34 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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35 Die ältere Variante. Innerhalb von Strings werden hier nur Variablen aufgelöst.
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36 Beispiel: "**Hallo, ${planet}!**" wird bei planet = 'Welt' zu "**Hallo, Welt!**".
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37
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38 ``{$}-Ersetzungen``
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39 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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40 Die neuere Variante, allerdings noch nicht komplett an allen Stellen einsatzfähig.
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41 Innerhalb der geschweiften Klammern können beliebige XPath-Ausdrück stehen, die
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42 zu Strings evaluiert werden. Dies orientiert sich an den String-Auswertungen in XSLT.
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43 "**{ concat($greet, ', ', $planet, '!') }**" wird bei gesetzten Variablen greet = Hallo
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44 und planet = "Welt" zu **Hallo, Welt!** ausgewertet.
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45
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46 Datenkorb-Elemente
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47 ------------------
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48
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49 Datensätze erzeugen
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50 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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51
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52 ``dc:context`` Aufspannen eines Gültigkeitsbereiches eines Datenbankdatensatz
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53 .............................................................................
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54
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55 .. code:: xml
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56
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57 <dc:context connection="Verbindung">
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58 ...
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59 </dc:element>
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60
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61 Spannt einen Gültigkeitsbereich für einen Datensatz auf, der aus der Datenbank
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62 kommt. Die adressierte Datenbank wird über das optionale Attribut 'connection'
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63 bestimmt. Zur Zeit sind drei Datenbanken angebunden:
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64
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65 - **user**: Die Index-Datenbank des Artefakt-Servers. Hierüber stehen Meta-Informationen
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66 zu alten Berechnungen zur Verfügung.
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67
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68 - **system**: Die FLYS-Datenbank mit den hydrologischen, morphologische und geodätischen
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69 Daten.
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70
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71 - **seddb**: Die Sediment-Datenbank.
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72
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73 In einem `<dc:context>`-Element wird zwingend ein `<dc:statement>`-Element erwartet,
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74 um einen Datensatz aus der Datenbank zu holen. Dieser Datensatz steht dann innerhalb des
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75 `<dc:context>`-Elementes ein oder mehrfach zur Verfügung. Innerhalb eines
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76 `<dc:context>`-Elementes können weitere `<dc:context>`-Elemente eingeschachtelt werden.
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77 Ist kein 'connection'-Attribut vorhanden, wird die Datenbank-Verbindung des umgebenen
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78 Kontextes weiterbenutzt. Initial wird je nach Aufrufart der Datenkorbs entweder
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79 der **user** oder **system**-Kontext angenommen. Dies richtet sich danach, ob in
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80 der Aufrufumgebung eine Artefakt gesetzt wird oder nicht. Im ersten Fall wird
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81 angenommen, dass es sich um einen Ladevorgang für zusätzliche Daten handelt, die
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82 auch alte Berechnungen mit einschliesst.
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83
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84
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85 ``dc:statement`` Holen eines Datensatzes aus einer Datenbank
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86 ............................................................
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87
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88 .. code:: xml
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89
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90 <dc:statement>
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91 SQL-Select-Statement.
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92 </dc:element>
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93
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94 Mittels eines SQL-Select-Statements werden in einem `<dc:context>`-Elementes aus
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95 der dort definierten Datenbank geholt. Die Spaltennamen der Projektion des SQL-Statements
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96 werden übernommen und später beim Auffalten des Datensatzes benutzt.
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97
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98 ``dc:container-context`` **TODO**
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99
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100 ``dc:properties`` **TODO**
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101
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102 ``dc:virtual-column`` Virtuelle Spalten definieren
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103 ..................................................
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104
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105 .. code:: xml
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106
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107 <dc:virtual-column name="Name" type="Type" expr="XPath-Ausdruck">
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108 ...
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109 </dc:virtual-column>
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110
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111 Definiert eine neue, virtuelle Spalte namens Name für den aktuellen Datensatz.
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112 Der Typ wird optional durch Typ festgelegt; ohne Angabe wird der Typ String angenommen.
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113 Die Wertebelegung ergibt sich aus der zeilenweisen Auswertung des XPath-Ausdrucks.
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114
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115 Dies sei an folgendem Beispiel illustriert:
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116
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117 +----+
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118 +Zahl+
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119 +====+
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120 + 1+
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121 +----+
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122 + 2+
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123 +----+
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124 + 3+
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125 +----+
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126
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127 .. code:: xml
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128
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129 <dc:virtual-column name="Quadrat" type="number" expr="$Zahl * $Zahl">
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130 ...
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131 </dc:virtual-column>
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132
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133 Erzeugt einen neuen Datensatz folgender Struktur:
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134
d8ca7a1d522c Datacage ref doc: Explain dc:virtual-column.
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135 +----+-------+
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136 +Zahl+Quadrat+
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137 +====+=======+
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138 + 1+ 1+
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139 +----+-------+
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140 + 2+ 4+
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141 +----+-------+
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142 + 3+ 9+
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143 +----+-------+
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144
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145 Innerhalb eines `virtual-column`-Elementes kann der Datensatz mittel `dc:for-each` wie
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146 gewohnt realisiert werden. Wird das `dc:virtual-column`-Element verlassen, gilt wieder
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147 der vormalige Datensatz ohne die zusätzlich Spalte.
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148
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149 Datensätze einschränken
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150 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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151
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152 ``dc:filter`` Selektieren einzelner Zeilen aus dem aktuellen Datensatz
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153 ......................................................................
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154
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155 .. code:: xml
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156
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157 <dc:filter expr="XPath-Ausdruck">
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158 ...
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159 <dc:filter>
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160
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161 Evaluiert pro Zeile des aktuellen Datensatzes den XPath-Ausdruck 'expr' und erzeugt
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162 einen neuen Datensatz, der nur die Zeilen des Originaldatensatzes enthält für den
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163 die Auswertung logisch wahr ergab. Im XPath-Ausdruck stehen die aufgefalteten Werte
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164 der jeweiligen Zeile zur Verfügung.
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165
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166 Folgends Beipiel soll dies verdeutlichen:
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167
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168 +----+
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169 +Zahl+
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170 +====+
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171 + 1+
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172 +----+
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173 + 2+
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174 +----+
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175 + 3+
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176 +----+
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177 + 4+
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178 +----+
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179
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180 Zahlen erhalten, die einen Wert kleiner drei haben.
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181
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182 .. code:: xml
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183
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184 <dc:filter expr="$Zahl &lt; 3">
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185 ...
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186 <dc:filter>
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187
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188 Dies erzeugt folgenden neuen Datensatz:
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189
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190 +----+
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191 +Zahl+
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192 +====+
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193 + 1+
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194 +----+
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195 + 2+
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196 +----+
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197
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198 Innerhalb des `dc:filter`-Elementes kann der neue Datensatz wie gewohnt mit `dc:for-each`
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199 realisiert werden. Nach Verlassen des `dc:filter`-Elementes ist wieder der vormalige
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200 Datensatz aktuell.
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201
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202 ``dc:group`` **TODO**
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203
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204 Datensätze auffalten
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205 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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206
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207 ``dc:for-each`` Realisieren eines Datensatzes
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208 .............................................
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209
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210 .. code:: xml
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211
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212 <dc:for-each>
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213 ...
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214 <dc:for-each>
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215
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216 Erzeugt nacheinander alle zeilenweisen Realisationen des aktuellen Datensatzes. Die
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217 einzelnen Spaltenwerte sind dann über Variablen erreichbar, die nach den Spaltenbezeichnern
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218 des Datenstzes benannt sind.
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219
d29a5e703cc4 Datacage ref doc: Explain dc:for-each
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220 Folgendes Beispiel soll den Sachverhalt illustieren:
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221
d29a5e703cc4 Datacage ref doc: Explain dc:for-each
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222 +----+
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223 +Zahl+
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224 +====+
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225 + 1+
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226 +----+
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227 + 2+
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228 +----+
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229 + 3+
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230 +----+
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231
d29a5e703cc4 Datacage ref doc: Explain dc:for-each
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232 .. code:: xml
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233
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234 <zahlen>
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235 <dc:for-each>
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236 <zahl wert="$Zahl"/>
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237 <dc:for-each>
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238 </zahlen>
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239
d29a5e703cc4 Datacage ref doc: Explain dc:for-each
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240 Dies erzeugt folgende Ausgabe:
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241
d29a5e703cc4 Datacage ref doc: Explain dc:for-each
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242 .. code:: xml
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243
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244 <zahlen>
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245 <zahl wert="1"/>
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246 <zahl wert="2"/>
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247 <zahl wert="3"/>
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248 </zahlen>
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249
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250 ``dc:iterate`` **TODO**
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251
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252 Bedingte Ausführung
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253 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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254
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255 ``<dc:if>`` Einfaches Wenn-Dann ohne Sonst-Fall
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256 ...............................................
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257
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258 .. code:: xml
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259
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260 <dc:if test="XPath-Ausdruck">
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261 ...
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262 </dc:if>
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263
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264 Der innere Teil wird nur dann betreten, wenn der XPath-Ausdruck zu
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265 logisch wahr evaluiert wird. Dieses Konstrukt kennt keinen alternativen
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266 Pfad, der betreten wird, falls der Ausdruck zu logisch falsch ausgewertet
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267 wird. Wird dies benötigt, muss man ``<dc:choose>`` benutzen.
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268 ``<dc:if>`` ist in Symmetrie zu ``<xsl:if>`` von XSLT entworfen worden.
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269
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270 ``<dc:choose>`` Ketten von Wenn-Dann-Ausdrücken
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271 ...............................................
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272
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273 .. code:: xml
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274
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275 <dc:choose>
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276 <dc:when test="XPath-Ausdruck 1"> ... </dc:when>
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277 <dc:when test="XPath-Ausdruck 2"> ... </dc:when>
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278 ...
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279 <dc:otherwise> ... </dc:otherwise>
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280 </dc:choose>
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281
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282 Es werden der Reihe nach von oben nach unter die ``test``-XPath-Ausdrücke der ``dc:when``-Elemente ausgewertet. Evaluiert ein Ausdruck zu logisch wahr, wird der innere Teil des entsprechenden ``<dc:when>``-Elements betreten. Die verbliebenen
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283 ``<dc:when>``- und ``<dc:otherwise>``-Elemente werden dann ignoriert. Evaluiert
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284 keiner der ``test``-Ausdrücke zu wahr, wird der innere Teil des
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285 ``<dc:otherwise>``-Elements betreten.
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286 ``<dc:choose>`` ist in Symmetrie zu ``<xsl:choose>`` von XSLT entworfen worden.
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287
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288
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289
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290 Makros
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291 ~~~~~~
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292 Um innerhalb des Definitionsdokumentes Wiederholungen zu vermeiden, können sogenannte
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293 Makros definiert werden, die dann von anderer Stellen aus eingefügt werden können.
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294
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295 ``dc:macro`` Wiederverwendbare Teile definieren
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296 ...............................................
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297
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298 .. code:: xml
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299
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300 <dc:macro name="Name">
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301 ...
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302 </dc:macro>
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303
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304 Definiert ein Makro namens Name. Nach der Definition ist dieses dann unter diesem
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305 Namen global innerhalb des Definitionsdokumentes bekannt. Makros können geschachtelt
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306 werden. Auch eingeschachtelte Makros sind global sichtbar. Die Makrodefinition und
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307 ihre eingeschalteten Elemente werden nicht in das Ausgabedokument übernommen.
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308
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309 ``dc:call-macro`` Makros aufrufen
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310
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311 .. code:: xml
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312
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313 <dc:call-macro name="Name">
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314
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315 Ruft ein Makro names Name auf. Dieses muss mit `dc:macro` definiert sein. Die Reihenfolge
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316 von Definition und Aufruf ist egal.
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317
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318 ``dc:macro-body`` Elemente an ein Makro übergeben
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319 .................................................
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320
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321 .. code:: xml
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322
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323 <dc:macro name="Name">
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324 ...
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325 <dc:macro-body/>
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326 ...
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327 </dc:macro>
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328
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329 Um an Makros weitere Bausteine als Argument übergeben zu können, ist es optional
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330 möglich innerhalb einer Makrodefinition ein Element `dc:macro-body` einzufügen.
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331 Dieses Element expandiert sich zum Inhalt des `dc:call-macro`-Aufrufs.
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332
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333 .. code:: xml
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334
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335 <dc:call-macro name="Name">Inhalt von dc:macro-body</dc:call-macro>
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336
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337 Zur Verdeutlichung ein konkretes Beispiel
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338
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339 .. code:: xml
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340
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341 <dc:macro name="Greetings">
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342 <Hallo>
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343 <dc:macro-body/>
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344 </Hallo>
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345 </dc:macro>
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346
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347 <dc:call-macro name="Greetings">Welt</dc:call-macro>
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348 <dc:call-macro name="Greetings">Mond</dc:call-macro>
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349
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350 Dies produziert folgende Ausgabe
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351
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352 .. code:: xml
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353
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354 <Hallo>Welt</Hallo>
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355 <Hallo>Mond</Hallo>
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356
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357 Das Haupteinsatzgebiet dieses Konstruktes ist die transparente Bereitstellung
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358 von Kontexten, die dann verschiedentlich ausgewertet werden sollen.
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359
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360 Sonstige Elemente
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361 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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362
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363 ``dc:element`` Hinzufügen neuer Elemente in der Ausgabe
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364 .......................................................
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365
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366 .. code:: xml
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367
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368 <dc:element name="Name">
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369 ...
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370 </dc:element>
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371
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372 Erzeugt ein Element namens Name. Für den Namen gelten die `${}-Ersetzungen`_.
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373
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374
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375 ``dc:attribute`` Hinzufügen neuer Attribute zum umgebenden Ausgabeelement
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376 .........................................................................
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377
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378 .. code:: xml
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379
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380 <dc:attribute name="Name" value="Wert"/>
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381
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382 Fügt dem umgebenden Ausgabeelement ein weiteres Attribut namens Name mit dem
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383 Wert von Wert hinzu. Für Namen und Wert gelten die `${}-Ersetzungen`_.
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384 Der Einsatz dieses Konstrukts findet häufig im Zusammenhang mit dc:element
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385 seinen Einsatz, wenn es ein Ausgabeelement vollständig aus Variablenbelegungen
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386 erstellt werden soll.
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387
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388 ``dc:comment`` Kommentare im Beschreibungsdokument
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389 ..................................................
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390
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391 .. code:: xml
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392
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393 <dc:comment>
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394 ...
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395 </dc:comment>
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396
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397 Ein Kommentar auf Ebene des Beschreibungsdokumentes, das keinerlei Ausgabe
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398 im Ausgabedokument erzeugt. Eingeschachtelte Elemente werden ebenfalls nicht ausgewertet.
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399 Im Gegensatz dazu werden die XML-typischen **<!-- Kommetare -->** in das Ausgabedokument übernommen!
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400
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401
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402 ``dc:message`` Ausgabe auf die Diagnoseausgabe (Log)
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403 ....................................................
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404
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405 .. code:: xml
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406
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407 <dc:message>
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408 Text für die Diagnose.
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409 </dc:message>
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410
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411 Gibt den Text innerhalb des Elementes aus Ausgabe im Log aus. Dies dient in erster Linie
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412 dem Nachvollziehen von Aufrufen innerhalb des Datenkorbdokumentes. Für den Text gelten
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413 die `{$}-Ersetzungen`_.
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414
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415 ``dc:variable`` Erzeugung einer kontext-lokalen Variablen
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416 .........................................................
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417
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418 .. code:: xml
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419
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420 <dc:variable name="Name" type="Typ" expr="XPath-Ausdruck"/>
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421
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422 Legt im aktuellen Kontext eine lokale Variable namens Name an. Diese hat den
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423 Typ Typ und entsteht durch Auswertung des XPath-Ausdruck expr. Der Typ
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424 ist optional. Wird dieser nicht gesetzt, wird das Ergebnis als String interpretiert.
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425 Alternativ können hier die Werte 'number' für Zahlen, 'bool' für Boolean-Werte
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426 benutzt werden. Für den Namen und den Typ gelten die `${}-Ersetzungen`_.
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427 Wird der aktuellen `dc:context` verlassen, ist diese Variable nicht mehr definiert.
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428
52bc38e6bbe1 Datacage ref doc: Explain dc:variable and dc:convert.
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429
52bc38e6bbe1 Datacage ref doc: Explain dc:variable and dc:convert.
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430 ``dc:convert`` kontext-lokale Konvertierung von Variablen
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431 .........................................................
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432
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433 .. code:: xml
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434
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435 <dc:convert name="Name" type="Typ"/>
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436
52bc38e6bbe1 Datacage ref doc: Explain dc:variable and dc:convert.
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437 Konvertiert die Variable namens Name für die Gültigkeit des aktuellen Kontextes in
52bc38e6bbe1 Datacage ref doc: Explain dc:variable and dc:convert.
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438 einen anderen Typ. Für Name und Typ gelten die `${}-Ersetzungen`_. Für die
52bc38e6bbe1 Datacage ref doc: Explain dc:variable and dc:convert.
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439 Typen gilt das gleiche wie für die Typen von `dc:variable`.
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440
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441
5783bd29de8a First draft of a german reference document for datacage elements and functions written in reStructuredText. Lots of TODOs.
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442 Datenkorb-Funktionen
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443 --------------------
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444
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445 ``dc:contains`` **TODO**
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446
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447 ``dc:fromValue`` **TODO**
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448
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449 ``dc:toValue`` **TODO**
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450
5783bd29de8a First draft of a german reference document for datacage elements and functions written in reStructuredText. Lots of TODOs.
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451 ``dc:replace`` **TODO**
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452
5783bd29de8a First draft of a german reference document for datacage elements and functions written in reStructuredText. Lots of TODOs.
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453 ``dc:replace-all`` **TODO**
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454
5783bd29de8a First draft of a german reference document for datacage elements and functions written in reStructuredText. Lots of TODOs.
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455 ``dc:has-result`` **TODO**
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456
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457 ``dc:group-key`` **TODO**
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458
5783bd29de8a First draft of a german reference document for datacage elements and functions written in reStructuredText. Lots of TODOs.
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459 ``dc:date-format`` **TODO**
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460
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461 ``dc:dump-variables`` **TODO**
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462
5783bd29de8a First draft of a german reference document for datacage elements and functions written in reStructuredText. Lots of TODOs.
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463 ``dc:get`` **TODO**
5783bd29de8a First draft of a german reference document for datacage elements and functions written in reStructuredText. Lots of TODOs.
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464
5783bd29de8a First draft of a german reference document for datacage elements and functions written in reStructuredText. Lots of TODOs.
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465
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466
http://dive4elements.wald.intevation.org